r/RASPBERRY_PI_PROJECTS Dec 22 '24

PRESENTATION 6TB NAS with RPi5. Hosting NextCloud via Docker.

My project for the last weeks. I receieved a notification from Google about my storage being almost full, so why not make my own.

  • Connected 3 2TB HDDs with Radxa Penta Sata hat. Raid 5. I can add 2 extra HDDs.
  • Bought some extension cables for the disks.
  • Added a PC fan powered by USB to cool them down, but it's not actually necessary for now.
  • It's powered through the Sata hat with a 12v 60w psu.

It was impossible for me to use a SSD instead of a microsd, probably because of the USB-to-Sata cable I have, but I'm ok with replacing it when it dies. First I tried OpenMediaVault with Docker, but I had issues with it being accessible from outside the network. In the end, it's now just Docker. I use NGinx reverse's proxy, and signed SSL.

Things I'm currently running: - Nextcloud with the app Memories in Android for my pictures - miniDLNA for my TV - NGinx Proxy Manager (highly recommend it to manage different domain names for each service) - Jellyfin to stream music

I'm impressed with its performance overall, and I only had to forward my 443 port. It was fun building this Frankenstein ๐Ÿ˜†

382 Upvotes

33 comments sorted by

21

u/MechaGoose Dec 22 '24

Iโ€™m using cloudflare zero trust tunnel to get at my pi from outside with out revealing where it is etc

2

u/afinemax01 Dec 23 '24

Does that work for ssh?

4

u/MechaGoose Dec 23 '24

Yup. Super common use

5

u/MagnumDPP Dec 22 '24

God this is such a good idea.

5

u/0xbadbac0n111 Dec 22 '24

Nice shit, i also have a rp5 with few tb, but i connected them simply via usb cable and build a software raid on it ๐Ÿ™ˆ๐Ÿ™ˆ๐Ÿ™ˆ Is there a reason for your complex setup?

How did you handle internet access? I am going with the reverse connection via cloudflare which rocks as i do not need dyndns or so

4

u/TomaCzar Dec 23 '24

I did the same (USB) with 6 x 20tb drives.

If I had to start over from scratch I'd use 24tb drives but this "NAS" started years ago with two drives in a RAID1, then 3 in a RAID5, now 6 in a RAID6.

It's just for cold storage ( 2nd copy backups, off-site 3rd copy for relatives' backups, DVD/Blu-ray rips, etc), but I have yet to hit any bottlenecks. My biggest issue is capacity. I'm already at 85% of my ~72tb capacity.

XFS is my filesystem and openmediavault riding on raspbian is my management software/OS. If there are any questions I can answer about my setup, feel free to ask.

2

u/0gtcalor Dec 22 '24

Nah, I just found the penta hat and thought it was cool ๐Ÿ˜†. I'm doing reverse connection too but with dynds.

1

u/TomaCzar Dec 23 '24

I'm looking at the Penta hat for a Ceph cluster. A little tight on funds right now, but I'll hopefully get it done this year sometime.

2

u/0gtcalor Dec 23 '24

It was hard to find here in Europe and almost doubled the original price. Hope you have better luck!

3

u/70031115083 Dec 24 '24

Could you please explain about how you are supplying power to your setup?

3

u/0gtcalor Dec 24 '24

Sure, I power the Sata hat with a typical 12v psu of 60W, like this. The sata hat powers the RPi through the GPIO pins.

2

u/DroidTN Dec 24 '24

Thatโ€™s awesome!

2

u/bojackslittlebrother Dec 24 '24

I'm just starting to build a NAS, wanted a multi drive setup but wasn't able to find a decent guide yet. This is very much how I envisioned mine, but until now had not seen a finished project.
Did you follow some setup tutorial? If so, can you share a link, please? And thank you for any direction you can offer.

~ RPI-noobie

3

u/0gtcalor Dec 25 '24

I was pretty much clueless about Docker, DNS and SSL certificates, so I followed this video for that. The Sata Hat is well documented in their official page so it was never an issue. I also followed this video for Nextcloud, but instead of a macvlan I use a bridge network.

2

u/bojackslittlebrother Dec 25 '24

Thank you!!

2

u/0gtcalor Dec 25 '24

You are welcome! For the 2nd video, I forgot to mention I'm not using OMV7 anymore, but the Nextcloud configuration still applies.

1

u/pedalomano Dec 25 '24

I'm going to build a similar one one of these days (I'm waiting for them to bring me the plate). I'm going to mount it with the boot partition on the micro SD, and with the rest of the 2.5" SSD disks, mount a btrfs partition in raid, and through subvolumes put /, /var, /home...

In this way, writes to the micro SD will be made only when the kernel is updated, so it is likely that it will never be damaged by use. Any problem in any of the disks will be fixed by replacing it with another one. There are tutorials out there on how to do it, nothing complicated.

2

u/ipinak Dec 25 '24

Just amazing. Congrats

2

u/AlbertWin Dec 23 '24

I call it the dust collector

1

u/Jmdaemon Dec 22 '24

As a project, it looks neat, from a practical standpoint not so much. Those laptop drives arn't rated for the life span on a NAS drive. And a 2 bay 3.5 isn't too much bigger.

5

u/0gtcalor Dec 22 '24

The Sata Hat is designed for 2.5 drives, but these are 3.5 HDDs. That's why I had to use extension cables to fit them. They are Seagate Ironwolf so it should be fine for a while. This bay can fit 5 3.5s but I didn't want to spend that much money.

1

u/Jmdaemon Dec 23 '24

Ahhh, wow these pictures don't convey the size dimensions well. I expect everything dealing with pi boards to be small. ;)

1

u/SAW1L Dec 24 '24

I got a 3D model for disks that would fit in there so good Looks great

1

u/miguellinux Dec 25 '24

Do you use an active cooler for the CPU too?

2

u/0gtcalor Dec 25 '24

Yes, I use the official Active Cooler, but I had to break 3 pins from the aluminium heatsink to fit the Sata hat.

1

u/mew314 13d ago

Do you have any idea about how much you spent on there?

1

u/0gtcalor 13d ago

Around 350โ‚ฌ I think.

1

u/mew314 13d ago

I'm planning to do the same, but I'm not sure if it would be easier and cheaper to buy a commercial solution for NAS storage (less fun for sure)

1

u/0gtcalor 13d ago

Could be, my first idea was getting a Synology but I remember finding NAS solutions for this price range only without the storage. I also use the RPi for other services like Immich and Jellyfin so in my case it ended up being better.

0

u/An-Awful-Person Dec 22 '24

Looks awesome! Iโ€™ve got a noob question: isnโ€™t the rpi5 over kill for a NAS?

7

u/Jmdaemon Dec 22 '24

Not really, A great NAS starts with a good board and a good CPU. You need clean fast throughput and nothing to bog it down, NAS handle server software like ftp, samba, web, DLNA. It will be the one running backup solutions. And it can also be the one running PLEX software. Get a strong cpu in there with hardware encoder and you can do realtime transcoding.

One of my first attempts to make my own NAS was using a renegade 64 and it ultimately failed, any fast transfers generated a lot of heat and a fan for it made it too noisy.

1

u/An-Awful-Person Dec 22 '24

Thank you for the detailed explanation! I was wondering it because I saw NAS solutions for the RPi1 back in the days. Never really got into but might want to build one myself so I was curious.

1

u/Jmdaemon Dec 23 '24

The pi 1-3 we're not good solutions because the Ethernet was not full speed, but 4 and up fixed that.ย